Using improved EF Model, this paper calculated the Sustainable Development level of Anhui province between 2004 and 2013.The results show that (1) the total Per capita EF was constantly increasing in Anhui province from 1.2413 hm2 in 2004 to 1.6157 hm2 per person in 2013, (2) the total Per capita EC is increasing from 0.2471 hm2 to 0.2640 hm2 per person, which is much smaller than the total Per capita EF. And the ecological deficit shows Anhui province is under huge ecological pressure and the economic and social development is unsustainable; (3) the EF diversity index rose from 1.2876 hm2 to 1.3902 hm2 per person, which shows that the EF distribution is increasingly imbalanced and the ecological system is in steady; (4) the sustainable development index increased from 1.5524 hm2 to 2.2460 hm2 per person, which shows that Anhui ecological capacity is gradually improving despite its ecological deficit.
