Abstract
Most prevalent fuels of Diesel engine vehicles are the gas oils produced on crude oil bases. According to some disadvantages of fatty acid-methyl-esthers (biodiesels), bioparaffins (mainly isoparaffins) are able to substitute them partially or totally. The production of bioparaffins can be carried out on a wide raw material base. This means the natural triglycerides (different origin non-food vegetable oils, “brown fat” of sewage works, fat of protein processing, algae oils, etc.), lignocelluloids etc.. In this paper catalytic systems (NiMo/Al2O3; Pt/SAPO-11; Pt/AlSBA-15) for the production of bioparaffins from different triglycerides (oils and fats) and high molecular weight Fischer-Tropsch (heavy) hydrocarbons (produced from biobased synthesis gas) are introduced. After the proper pretreatment of natural triglyceride feedstocks the suggested two-step technologies (deoxygenation and isomerisation) are able to produce n- and isoparaffins with yield that approaches the 93-99 % of the theoretical value. Properties of the two bioparaffin fractions produced with these methods satisfy the requirements of EN 590:2009+A1:2010 standard. Their cetane number is in the range of 65-75, which makes it possible to blend lower quality blending components in higher quantity, which is the source of significant profit increase. The integration possibilities of the suggested technologies in to crude oil refineries are introduced, too.
