Chew C., Mat R., 2015, The Efficacy of Calcium Carbonate Scale Inhibition by Commercial Polymer Scale Inhibitors, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 45, 1471-1476.
The efficacy of calcium carbonate scale inhibition by three selected inhibitors, Polymaleic Acid (PMA), Polyamino Polyether Methylene Phosphonic Acid (PAPEMP) and Acrylic Acid-Maleic Anhydride (AA/MA) copolymer was investigated via static beaker tests at 40 °C, pH 8.50 and incubated for 20 h. The calcium carbonate scales formed in the presence and absence of inhibitors have been examined by SEM. All the above compounds were found to be an effective calcium carbonate scale inhibitor at minimum concentrations ranging from 2.0 to 6.0 ppm depending on type of compound. PMA was found to be the most effective inhibitor. The normal crystal growth of calcium carbonate has been altered in the presence of all the above compounds as observed through SEM micrograph.
