Drying and Preservation of Phytochemicals from Elateriospermum Tapos Seed Oil using Combination of Freeze Drying and Microwave Technique

Abstract

Elateriospermum Tapos seed oil (ETSO) or known as perah seed oil contain high concentration of omega 3 fatty acid and exposed to lipid oxidation in the form of free oil. In this work, microencapsulation process of ETSO was formulated by using combination of freeze drying and microwave technique assisted freeze drying using maltodextrin (MD) and sodium caseinate (SC) as wall materials in order to protect the oil from oxidation. This kind of drying technique is a new technology of oil microencapsulation with faster drying time than conventional freeze drying. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the microencapsulation process on the physical and chemical characteristic of oil microcapsule. The microencapsulation effectiveness was determined in base of process yield and the microencapsulation efficiency. The white dry microcapsules were subjected to Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) to study the powder morphology, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to study chemical bonding and thermogravimetric (TGA) for thermal profile. Highest encapsulation yields of 82 % and microencapsulation efficiency of 42 % were achieved when the compositions of wall material used as encapsulation agents were 75 % maltodextrin and 25 % sodium caseinate, freeze drying time was 7 h and the ratio of oil-wall material was 1 : 4.