This study is carried out with a view to understanding the processing and recognition technique of icing transmission line images. Methods: Based on the improvement of traditional simulated annealing algorithm combined with genetic algorithm, the two-dimensional OTSU’s method is adopted to obtain the corresponding results. Results and analysis: This study mainly carries out the analysis of the segmentation results to obtain the accurate thickness of icing and then formulates the corresponding construction steps, which shows the correctness of this study. Conclusions: The results show the accuracy of this study.