Abstract
Over the last 30 y, there has been increasing emphasis on scientific research about climate change which has become one of the world's most challenging issues. Energy sources availability and reliability, especially renewable energy such as hydropower, solar energy and biomass-based energy, are very dependent on climate conditions. Although many studies have focused on conservation and utilization of energy, less emphasis has been given to future threats of drought on energy systems especially in ASEAN countries. The impact of drought on the region was conservative because such events were under-reported and under-monitored. The aim of this paper is to review the drought phenomenon in ASEAN region and analyse its impact as one of the climate change aspects, on the energy resources, supply, consumption and energy systems used in the ASEAN region. The review encompasses scholarly papers and news articles related to impact of drought on energy systems and analyse historical energy data for ASEAN. The study is focused on drought year in 2014 to 2016 because of extreme El Niño phenomenon. From this study, it is found that the scarcity of energy will occur if long-term drought happened. Drought will impact the biomass and hydropower as both are very vulnerable to high temperature but less impact on natural gas, coal and oil. El-Nino phenomenon in 2015 contributes about 5 % reduction of energy supply from oil, hydropower and biomass energy sources compared to previous year. In 2015, CO2 emission in ASEAN recorded almost double increment (4.1 %) compared to 2016 (2.6 %) due to dependency of carbon-emitting sources like natural gas and coal to meet the energy needs during drought.
