Adiansyah J.S., 2022, Carbon Emission Reduction using Waste Management Strategy Approach for Improving a Mine Site Environmental Performance, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 97, 157-162.
The mining industry generates various types of waste that could affect environmental quality. One type of waste that is commonly managed by the mine site due to its coal-fired power plant operation is fly ash and bottom ash (FABA). The landfilling system is a worldwide common application strategy to manage FABA generated by a coal-fired power plant. The volume of coal burned for generating electricity determines the volume of coal ash managed in the landfill. This study applied a case study of a 160 MW coal-fired power plant in Indonesia that generates about 16 thousand t of coal ash annually for fulfilling mine site electricity demand. This study aims to compare the carbon emission reduction of three different management strategies associated with fly ash and bottom ash handling. Three scenarios have been developed: on-site landfilling, third-party shipment, and road-based application (internal utilisation). A life cycle assessment (LCA) was applied to compare those scenarios by using a cradle-to-gate boundary system. The functional unit (FU) used was a carbon footprint generated of 1 t of FABA managed using three different scenarios. The result showed that the lowest CO2-eq emitted from the FABA road-based application scenario with 0.90 kg CO2-eq, and the highest carbon footprint generated by the on-site landfilling scenario due to the life cycle of landfill facility. Compared with the on-site landfill and shipment to third party scenario, the road-based application scenario would reduce carbon footprint by about 305.70 kg CO2-eq and 0.32 kg CO2-eq for each t of FABA managed. Network impact analysis indicates that utilisation of diesel is the main environmental hotspot of each scenario. Further fuel efficiency studies should be conducted to create a better environmental performance.
