Gomes J.G., Yang T., Jiang J., Lin Y., 2023, Strategic Planning for a Resilient and Sustainable Energy Future: Analysis of a 100 % Renewable Energy System for Portugal in 2050, Chemical Engineering Transactions, 106, 403-408.
The current energy system of Portugal is heavily reliant on fossil fuels, which accounted for 65.4 % of primary energy consumption in 2021. The low share of renewable energy in the industrial, transportation, and heating & cooling sectors is the primary reason for this dependence. To achieve carbon neutrality and ensure a successful energy transition, the Portuguese government has introduced the "Carbon Neutrality Roadmap 2050", a strategic plan to decarbonise the energy system entirely. This study presents technical solutions to achieve carbon neutrality in the overall energy sector, based on the guidelines of the Portuguese government plans and assuming a high share of green hydrogen utilisation in the industrial and transportation sectors. Hourly energy balances were calculated using the EnergyPLAN software, which revealed the substantial investment required in new renewable electricity sources to achieve decarbonisation of the industrial and transportation sectors. The study's findings emphasise the urgent need to transition to a low-carbon energy system and inform policymakers and energy experts in developing effective strategies towards achieving carbon neutrality.
