Abstract
Carotenoids are widely researched due to their correlation with the mitigation of severe illnesses such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and macular degeneration, which points out the critical significance of natural pigments. Carotenoid production from microorganisms has many advantages compared to plants or algae because of its rapid growth rate, cost-effectiveness, and independence from geographical factors. The genus Rhodosporidium, specifically the species Rhodosporidium toruloides, is renowned for generating carotenoid-rich biomass in biotechnology. However, the quantity and composition of carotenoid products obtained highly depend on the specific medium and culture conditions. In this research, carotenoid extraction by combining DMSO and acetone can result in high efficiency. Furthermore, the fermentation medium for R. toruloides was successfully optimized with affordable ingredients, including glucose, NaCl, H2O2, KH2PO4, MgSO4.7H2O, NH4Cl2, Na2HPO4, and yeast extract. The reassessment of the optimal model revealed strong compatibility between the predictive and experimental models regarding dry biomass and carotenoid content. The low residual glucose amount ultimately revealed adequate glucose consumption as a substrate for growth and carotenoid production.
