Abstract
Jet fuel blends with bio-based compounds are an alternative for reducing carbon emissions. The properties of the bio-jet fuel blends can be changed by varying the ratio of bio-jet fuel to Jet A-1 fuel. In this study, three bio-based chemicals—biodiesel, butyl butyrate and bio-oil were blended with Jet Fuel A-1. Its percentages for blending with Jet A-1 fuel are 10 %, 15 %, and 20 %. The properties of the jet fuel blend such as density, kinematic viscosity, freezing point, flash point, and calorific value were experimentally tested to ensure the final product adheres to ASTM D1655 specifications for Jet A-1. The result of the study shows that all blends satisfy the density and flash point requirements. The kinematic viscosity of the blends with 10 % bio-oil and 15 % bio-oil was found to be within acceptable limits. The highest calorific value was observed in the 10 % biodiesel blend. The lowest emission was observed in the 20 % biodiesel blend. The findings suggest a trend where higher bio-based chemical ratios lead to lower emissions. The highest potential bio-based chemical was found to be biodiesel from used cooking oil, which showed promising results in terms of sustainable fuel alternatives.
