Composite of Hydroxyapatite (HAp) from Meretrix meretrix Shells and Biochar from Cassava Peel (Manihot esculenta) as Green Adsorbent for Cadmium Removal

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the characteristics of hydroxyapatite (HAp)-biochar adsorbent from Meretrix meretrix shells and cassava (Manihot esculenta) peel biochar using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) analysis, efficiency of Cd (II) adsorption based on pH variation and Cd (II) concentration. The results obtained showed that optimum pH of adsorption was 7, optimum Cd (II) concentration was 50 mg/L. The results of FTIR analysis showed the presence of ???? 3 2- ; C=C; C=C; C-H; ???? 4 3- in the composite of hydroxyapatite and biochar. SEM-EDX results obtained showed the morphology of hydroxyapatite-biochar adsorbents of Meretrix meretrix shells and cassava peel (Manihot esculenta) biochar, favoured to Cd (II) removal.